@conference {42002,
	title = {Concentrations of pesticides in fleeces after pour-on and saturation dipping of Merino sheep},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {67},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {320-325},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Wanaka},
	abstract = {A year-long farm trial was performed in 2003/04 to determine the relative efficacies of commercial formulations of diflubenzuron and triflumuron lousicides and measure pesticide concentrations in different parts of the fleece throughout the year. Significant differences were found between the concentrations of pesticides present on samples of fleeces taken from the back and side initially (P<0.05), 5 months (P<0.001), and 12 months (P<0.05) after pour-on treatments. The bulk of the pesticides from pour-on treatments remained in the zone where they had been applied and little moved to the sides of the sheep. Five months after application pesticide concentrations were significantly higher (P<0.001) in staple tip compared with butt samples on both back and side fleece samples for pour-on or jetting treatments, confirming recent predictions that diffusion of pesticides in greasy wool will be limited. Concentrations in butt samples from 5 months onwards were near or less than the mean LD95 doses reported for diflubenzuron for susceptible {\textendash} 0.31 mg/kg, 95\% confidence limits (CL) 0.16-1.25 mg/kg {\textendash} and resistant lice populations {\textendash} 4.4 mg/kg, 95\% CL 1.4-71 mg/kg. The results offer a possible explanation for the anecdotal reports of poor efficacy of some pour-on louse treatments and treatment failures on farm.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Rankin DA and Reid TC and Cole DJW and Urquhart RA and Syhre MS}
}
@conference {42007,
	title = {Variation of fibre characteristics important in processing, over the body of Australian brushtail possum ( Trichosurus vulpecula )},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {67},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {351-355},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Wanaka},
	abstract = {The amounts of fur and processing properties of fur from the Australian Brushtail Possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) were determined. The amounts of fur per animal ranged from 18 {\textendash} 94 g depending on the sizes of the animals, with 75\% coming from the body, 10 - 151\% from each of the belly and tail. Fur from the belly was shorter and finer than that from the body, which was shorter and finer than that from the tail (20.1 vs. 27.1 vs. 37.9 mm; 16.2 vs. 17.7 vs. 22.9 {\textmu}m respectively (P < 0.001). Belly fur was less curved than body or tail fur (47.2 vs. 52.8 and 55.6 {\textdegree}/mm respectively (P < 0.001)). The fibre curvature of fur from all three body sites was half to two thirds of the curvature expected for Merino wool of similar diameter. Coefficients of variation of both fibre length and fibre diameter were approximately double those normally observed in Merino wool (coefficient of variation (CV) = 32.8\% (length) and 47.6\% (diameter)). The number of medullated fibres was high (mean = 44.5\% by weight), with most of the coarser fibres being medullated. The cuticle scale structure was smoother than Merino wool. The high degree of medullation observed contributes to the reported high insulation value of the fur as it results in a high number of fibres for the weight. The relatively low curvature and low scale profile, give the fibre a smooth, slippery surface. This makes processing difficult and causes problems for fibre retention in fabric.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Reid TC and Causer SM and Urquhart RA and Woods JL}
}
@conference {41641,
	title = {Sources of dark fibre contamination in some lines of mid-micron fleece wools - Brief Communication},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {66},
	year = {2006},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {193-194},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Napier},
	abstract = {High-throughput technologies in the era of post-genomics provide new opportunities to investigate complex biological systems. Data can be collected for a system of interest at the level of gene expression, protein expression and metabolite concentration changes and then used for the assessment of interactions of molecules. However, the vast amount of information also poses challenges for data management, analysis, and interpretation. This paper aims to outline the technical complexity and the sources of variation in the technologies involved in molecular systems biology and computational strategies for data integration.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Reid TC and Urquhart RA}
}
@conference {41521,
	title = {Dark fibre content of some New Zealand export wool consignments},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {64},
	year = {2004},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {282-285},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Hamilton},
	abstract = {Levels of dark fibre contamination were determined on 49 core samples of scoured wool, representing 30 export consignments of crossbred wool received from three exporting companies. The concentrations of dark fibres ranged from 0 to over 3300/kg. Only four consignments contained less than 100 dark fibres/kg, twelve contained less than 500/kg, while four contained more than 2000/kg. The two highest levels of contamination (>2300/kg) were found in consignments containing lambs wool, although other consignments with lambs wool contained relatively low levels (<500/kg). Some fleece blends also contained relatively high levels of contamination (>1000/kg). All consignments containing down fleece wool were contaminated with dark fibres to levels which were highly correlated with the proportions of down fleece wool. Overall, 53\% (range 7-100\%) of the dark fibres found were melanin pigmented, 14 \% (range 4-33\%) were urine stained and 25\% (range 5-63\%) were of foreign origin. The results indicate that there is a considerable degree of dark fibre contamination in some export consignments of New Zealand crossbred wool. The one single factor consistently associated with increased levels of contamination was the presence of down fleece wool in the blend. The presence of lambs wool was associated with high levels of contamination in some consignments, but not in others. This suggests that only some lines of lambs wool contain high levels of dark fibre contamination. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Reid TC and Urquhart RA}
}
@conference {41520,
	title = {Zinc dipping can help reduce wool yellowing},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {64},
	year = {2004},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {277-281},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Hamilton},
	abstract = {On one farm dipping sheep once or twice with zinc sulphate had no effect on the yellowness of wool at shearing. When data from this farm were combined with data reported earlier, the reduction in yellowness was linearly related to the yellowness of the control group (P = 0.091, 0.032 for dipped once or twice, respectively). On another farm, groups of 20 rising two-tooth New Zealand Halfbred ewes were treated in February by either dipping with zinc sulphate solution (2.45 g Zn/l) or dosing with a zinc bolus. Both treatments reduced the yellowness of belly wool at crutching (May) (Y-Z = 4.31, 2.13 and 1.87 for control, bolus and dipped sheep, respectively, P<0.01), but had no effect on the yellowness of the flank wool (Y-Z = -0.16, -0.27, -0.06). Zinc concentrations in clean wool (initial concentration = 78.5 mg/kg) were increased in all three groups at crutching but the differences were significant for the dipped group only (zinc concentrations = 160, 211, 340 mg/kg for control, bolus and dip, respectively, P<0.001). Thus, in some cases, increasing the concentrations of zinc in wool can reduce yellow discolorations at shearing. The effect will be greatest where wool from untreated sheep is yellowest. This could prove to be a useful method to improve wool quality on some farms. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Reid TC and Urquhart RA}
}
@conference {41430,
	title = {Can dipping sheep with zinc sulphate reduce wool yellowing?},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {63},
	year = {2003},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {164-168},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Queenstown},
	abstract = {On each of four farms, groups of ewes were either not dipped, dipped once or dipped twice with zinc sulphate solution (20 g/l). Base and challenge yellowness were determined on core wool samples collected at shearing. Dipping with zinc sulphate increased the zinc concentration of wool at shearing from 154 (range 77-321) to 421 (range 116- 1140) (dipped once) or 806 (range 143-1920) mg/kg (dipped twice).  Zinc sulphate dipping had no effect on the base yellowness of wool on three farms, but significantly reduced wool base yellowness on the fourth farm (Tristimulus (Y- Z) = 9.0 vs. 7.8 vs. 8.5 for control, dipped once and dipped twice, respectively) (P<0.01). In the laboratory, wool samples from all farms were significantly less yellow after challenge when sprayed before challenge with zinc sulphate solution than when sprayed with water (9.9 vs. 10.9; 7.1 vs. 10.0; 8.3 vs. 10.6; 11.3 vs. 13.1) (P<0.001). There was a significant relationship (R2  = 83.4\%, P<0.001) between the changes in zinc concentration resulting from zinc dipping and the changes in yellowness of the wool with challenge. These results indicate that dipping sheep with zinc may reduce discoloration of greasy wool at shearing under environmental conditions in which yellowing is maximised.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Reid TC and Urquhart RA}
}
