@conference {60972,
	title = {Feeding birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) reduces the environmental impacts of dairy farming},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {69},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {179-183},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Christchurch},
	abstract = {An indoor feeding experiment using 16 late lactation Friesian dairy cows measured effects of increased proportions of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus; Lotus) in the diet on the partitioning of nitrogen (N) between milk, faeces and urine. Cows were housed in metabolism stalls for 12 days and fed diets containing 0\%, 15\%, 29\% or 45\% Lotus (\% Lotus dry matter (DM) per DM intake (DMI)) with the remainder perennial ryegrass pasture. Increasing the proportion of Lotus in the diet did not affect DMI but increased milk (P <0.001) and milksolids yields (P <0.01). The percentage of N intake partitioned to milk increased from 16\% (0\% Lotus) to 21\% (45\% Lotus) (P <0.01) with an increasing proportion of Lotus in the diet. The percentage of N intake excreted as faecal N also increased from 29\% (0\% Lotus) to 38\% (45\% Lotus) (P <0.001) while the percentage excreted as urinary N was reduced from 49\% (0\% Lotus) to 34\% (45\% Lotus) (P <0.01). Partitioning of N towards faeces has a favourable environmental impact since faecal N is largely retained in soils whereas urinary N is subject to volatilisation as ammonia, losses as nitrous oxides (a greenhouse gas) and leaching into groundwater. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Woodward SL and Waghorn GC and Watkins KA and Bryant MA}
}
@conference {41670,
	title = {Diet or strain: Effects on postpartum anovulatory interval in dairy cows},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {66},
	year = {2006},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {339-343},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Napier},
	abstract = {Changes in cow genetics and systems of farming have had large effects on the reproductive performance of dairy cows. The objective of this study was to determine if grain supplementation modified the previously identified effects of Holstein-Friesian (HF) strain on the postpartum anoestrus interval (PPAI). Thirty multiparous Overseas (OS) HF and 30 New Zealand-HF cows from a 1990s strain (NZ) were offered unrestricted access to fresh pasture and randomly allocated to three levels of a maize and barley-based concentrate supplementation (0, 3 or 6 kg DM/day). Postpartum anovulatory interval (PPAI) was not significantly affected by either strain or diet, and there was no significant strain x diet interaction. Results suggest that the nutritional requirements necessary for multiparous NZ or OS HF cows to resume oestrous cycles before 40 days postpartum can be achieved when offered unrestricted access to high quality pasture. In this circumstance, additional concentrate feeding did not alter the length of the postpartum anoestrous interval. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Chagas LM and Gore PJS and Sheahan AJ and Lee JM and Watkins KA and Aspin PW and Roche JR}
}
