@article {3672,
	title = {BRIEF COMMUNICATION: A case study of the effects of diet and winter management on dairy production, profit and nitrate leaching in Rotorua},
	journal = {New Zealand Journal of Animal Science and Production},
	volume = {79},
	year = {2019},
	month = {07/2019},
	pages = {71-73},
	address = {Palmerston North},
	abstract = {Feed and winter management options were modelled for a dairy farm and its adjoining support land in the Lake Rotorua catchment. The dairy farm grew turnips, fodder beet and oats, with non-lactating cows grazing on the dry-stock unit on pasture, kale and fodder beet. Scenarios investigated were: removing crops from the dairy farm whilst either A) reducing stocking rates by 5\%; B) feeding additional palm kernel expeller (PKE); C) replacing crops, PKE and pasture silage with purchased maize grain and maize silage; or D) grazing non-lactating cows on the dairy farm and reducing stocking rates by 17\%. Using a milk price of $6.00/kg MS, D was the only scenario that increased profitability of the dairy farm (7\%). Compared to the base scenario, nitrate leaching on the dairy farm increased for scenario D and decreased for scenarios A, B and C. When including the dry-stock unit, total N leaching was reduced by 5, 0, 13 and 15\%, for A, B, C and D, respectively, compared to the base farm. These results reiterate the importance of investigating the impact of off-farm winter grazing in nitrogen-sensitive catchments.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Burggraaf VT and Rennie GR and Edwards P and Pinxterhuis I}
}
@article {3672,
	title = {Change in herbage nutritive value of mown and standing pasture under rotational grazing},
	journal = {New Zealand Journal of Animal Science and Production},
	volume = {79},
	year = {2019},
	month = {07/2019},
	pages = {103-107},
	address = {Palmerston North},
	abstract = {Varying the regrowth interval, pre-graze herbage mass and mowing pasture prior to grazing are strategies used to try to improve pasture quality and nutrient availability to grazing livestock.  This study compared the nutritive value of pastures which had been mown before grazing, or grazed as standing pastures following a long (Long, 28 days) or moderate (Mod, 21 days) regrowth interval.    Nutritive value and dry matter percent were determined at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours in replicated paddocks during a 24-hour grazing period following allocation to dairy cows at 0700 h.  Due to previous grazing management, which maintained a high proportion of leafy material in the grazed stratum, the nutritive value of the available herbage before grazing was similar for all treatments. Mowing before grazing resulted in a relatively constant nutrient supply over a 24 h grazing period; however, this did not alter cow performance (e.g., milksolids production or BCS) compared with grazing standing pasture.  By contrast preferential selection of higher quality pasture by cows grazing standing pasture resulted in lower concentration of herbage crude protein (P<0.05) and greater concentration of fibre (P<0.05) at the end of the grazing period.  When pastures were mown, herbage wilted, increasing DM from 17.5 to 39.4\% DM within 24 hours (P<0.05).  Despite large differences in pasture management, extending the regrowth interval and using repeated pre-graze mowing did little to alter herbage nutritive content.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Bryant RH and Edwards P and Thomas C and Kay J and Clement A}
}
@conference {69469,
	title = {Asssociation among hormones and metabolites during the transition period and early lactation milk production},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {70},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {51-56},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Palmerston North},
	abstract = {The transition period is loosely defined as the period from three weeks pre-calving to three weeks post calving, and is regarded as a very important determinant of a cow{\textquoteright}s lactation performance. Data were collated from three experiments in which blood was sampled repeatedly pre- and post-calving and milk production was recorded post-calving. Data were pooled within treatment and associations between blood hormones and metabolites, and milk production determined using regression analysis. Milk and milk solids (MS) yield were positively associated (P <0.05) with pre-calving plasma leptin and glucose concentrations and milk yield was negatively associated (P <0.05) with pre-calving non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and β-hydroxy butyrate concentrations. Milk yield was negatively associated (P <0.05) with plasma growth hormone, aspartate aminotransferase, and glutamate dehydrogenase concentrations in the first days of lactation, and with insulin like growth factor and glucose concentrations during the first five weeks post-calving. In comparison, plasma NEFA and albumin (ALB) concentrations post-calving and the ratio of NEFA to ALB were all positively associated (P <0.05) with milk and MS yield during the first five weeks of lactation. Data are consistent with a positive effect of calving body condition on milk production and an increased milk production with increasing condition score loss post-calving.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Edwards P and Mandok K and Lee JM and Burke CR and Kolver ES and Roche JR}
}
