@article {3672,
	title = {BRIEF COMMUNICATION: Behaviour and physiology of lambs with gastrointestinal nematode parasitism},
	journal = {New Zealand Journal of Animal Science and Production},
	volume = {82},
	year = {2022},
	month = {01/2022},
	pages = {104-107},
	address = {Online},
	abstract = {The behaviour and physiology of lambs with gastrointestinal nematode infections (GIN) was evaluated. Thirty 8-month-old Romney wethers were assigned to one of two treatments (n=15/treatment) trickle dosed with either 1500 infective third stage larvae 3 days/week for 6 weeks (27,000 total L3; challenged), or water 3 days/week for 6 weeks (control). Blood and faecal samples were collected weekly during the study. Lipidomics were performed on plasma samples. Behaviour was observed from video-camera recordings once weekly over the study. At treatment week 4, specific triglycerides were elevated in the challenged lambs compared to controls (P<=0.05). Faecal egg counts were higher in challenged than control lambs from treatment week 4 (154 epg; P<=0.001). Challenged lambs had higher standing bouts at week 4 than baseline (5.6 bouts) whereas there were no differences in standing bouts for control lambs between baseline and week 4. Triglycerides and standing behaviour show promise for early identification of GIN.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Hempstead MN and Waghorn TS and Gibson MJ and Sauermann CW and Ross AB and Cave VM and Sutherland MA and Sutherland IA}
}
@conference {3672,
	title = {BRIEF COMMUNICATION: Effect of disbudding on pain sensitivity and weight-gain of dairy goat kids},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {77},
	year = {2017},
	month = {06/2017},
	pages = {159-160},
	address = {Rotorua},
	abstract = {Cautery disbudding is a painful husbandry procedure commonly carried out on dairy cow and goat farms worldwide. Disbudding can cause third-degree burns, subcutaneous tissue damage, inflammation, bacterial infection and in some cases death (Sanford 1989, Thompson et al. 2005, Wright et al. 1983). Physiological (e.g., cortisol, β-endorphins) and behavioural (e.g., head shaking) changes indicative of pain have been described in response to cautery disbudding in kids (Alvarez et al. 2015, Greenwood \& Shutt 1990, Ingvast-Larsson et al. 2011), but still little is known regarding the acute and long-term effects of cautery disbudding on goat kid welfare. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cautery disbudding on the acute pain response and weight-gain in goat kids. This study was part of a larger project investigating alternative methods of disbudding in goat kids. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Hempstead MN and Stewart M and Sutherland MA}
}
@conference {3672,
	title = {BRIEF COMMUNICATION: A physiological evaluation of the efficacy of pain-mitigation strategies for cautery-disbudded goat kids},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {76},
	year = {2016},
	month = {07/2016},
	pages = {106-108},
	address = {Adelaide},
	abstract = {Cautery disbudding is a painful procedure commonly
performed on-farm to destroy the horn bud cells of goat kids
to prevent horn growth. Disbudding is performed because
horns can injure pen mates and stock people. Globally,
standard practice of disbudding typically excludes the use
of pain-mitigation and there are few studies investigating
kid responses to disbudding and different pain-mitigation
strategies. To date, pain-mitigation strategies used when
disbudding kids include administration of non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), local anaesthesia
(LA) and general anaesthesia (GA). Meloxicam (NSAID)
reduced pain-related responses in cautery-disbudded kids
(Ingvast-Larsson et al. 2011). Local anaesthetics (e.g.,
lignocaine), however, have not shown to be affective at
reducing the pain response following disbudding (Alvarez
et al. 2015). General anaesthesia has been used in kids,
but its effect on pain-related responses was not assessed
(Ingvast-Larsson et al. 2011). The objective of this study
was to evaluate the physiological response to different painmitigation
strategies for cautery-disbudding in goat kids.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Hempstead MN and Stewart M and  and Sutherland MA}
}
