@article {3672,
	title = {Impact of maternal diet during late gestation and pre-weaning milk allowance on heifer growth and first lactation milk yield},
	journal = {New Zealand Journal of Animal Science and Production},
	volume = {82},
	year = {2022},
	month = {01/2022},
	pages = {99-103},
	address = {Online},
	abstract = {A total of 60 Friesian x Jersey heifer calves were allocated to a 2{\texttimes}2 factorial design to investigate early life nutrition on growth and production. The first factor was the maternal treatments where dams were offered a low crude protein (7.8\% LCP) or moderate crude protein (13.6\% MCP) diet for the last 50 days of gestation. The second factor was the calf milk replacer (CMR) allowance to heifer offspring, which was either restricted (RES) or high allowance (HA) allowance (15 or 25\% of initial live weight, respectively). All calves were given colostrum for 4 days then, warmed CMR (150 g/L) in two equal feeds between days 5 and 39, after which all calves received the same 15\% allowance. Milk intake, liveweight gain and fecal score were recorded for 5 weeks. Calves were weaned off milk at 8 weeks of age. The HA treatment improved weaning weight (88 vs 79{\textpm}1.4 kg; P<0.001) and overall ADG pre-weaning (0.9 vs 0.8{\textpm}0.02 kg/day; P<0.001) compared to RES. There was no effect of maternal diet on pre-weaning growth or fecal score. There was limited statistical evidence of a long-term effect of early life nutrition on milk yield, though maternal nutrition appeared to be more important than pre-weaning nutrition on future milk production.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Moonsan Y and Thomas C and McCoard SA and Hammond KJ and Edwards GR and Bryant RH}
}
@article {3672,
	title = {BRIEF COMMUNICATION: Effect of maternal diet in late gestation on development of dairy calves},
	journal = {New Zealand Journal of Animal Science and Production},
	volume = {78},
	year = {2018},
	month = {07/2018},
	pages = {186-188},
	address = {Lincoln},
	abstract = {To investigate whether feeding strategies to reduce urinary N excretion would have negative effects on calf development, two
feeding systems were compared. A total of 190 pregnant, Friesian {\texttimes} Jersey dairy cows were randomly allocated to one of two
groups and offered either a low crude protein diet of maize silage and fodder beet (LCP) or a moderate CP diet of lucerne silage
and fodder beet (MCP) for eight weeks prior to calving. Apparent metabolisable energy (ME) intake of dams was similar (110
MJME/cow/day) but CP concentration was greater for MCP than LCP (13.4 vs 7.5\% of the DM). There was no effect of maternal
diet on calf birth weight (33.0{\textpm}0.5 kgLW) or morphometric measurements; heart girth (72.8{\textpm}0.5) spine length (54.4{\textpm}0.4) or hip
height (73.1{\textpm}0.4 cm). These results suggest that dietary protein restriction in late gestation does not have any immediate negative
effects on in utero calf development.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Moonsan Y and Thomas C and Bryant RH and Edwards GR}
}
@conference {3672,
	title = {Urinary nitrogen excretion, grazing and urination behaviour of dairy heifers grazing pasture, chicory and plantain in autumn},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {75},
	year = {2015},
	month = {07/2015},
	pages = {70-73},
	address = {Dunedin},
	abstract = { The objective of this study was to investigate urinary nitrogen (N) excretion, grazing and urination behaviour of dairy heifers
grazing pasture, chicory and plantain. A 35-day trial was conducted with 56 Friesian x Jersey heifers aged 9-10 months. Heifers
were blocked into five treatments balanced for their live weight and breeding worth: 100\% ryegrass/white-clover pasture (PA; n
= 12); 100\% chicory (CH; n = 10); 100\% plantain (PL; n = 12); 50\% pasture + 50\% chicory (PA+CH; n = 10); and 50\% pasture
+ 50\% plantain (PA+PL; n = 12). Feed was offered every three days with allowance calculated according to feed requirement for
maintenance plus live weight gain of 0.8 kg/day. Measured urinary-N concentration, estimated daily urinary-N excretion (UN) and
urinary output were similar among treatments. During the first six hours after feed allocation, heifers spent more time idling and
less time ruminating on CH and PL than on PA. The CH and PA+CH groups urinated more frequently than other groups. Data from
this study indicate that heifers grazed chicory urinated more frequently without increasing daily UN and may potentially reduce N
loading from soil. Future study is needed to take account of urinary N excretion diurnal variation.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Cheng L and McCormick J and Hussein AN and Fraslin C and Moonsan Y and Moonsan P and Logan C and Grabot J and Edwards GR}
}
