@conference {78979,
	title = {Associations of uterine pathology with milk production and effects of treatment with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug in dairy cows},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2012},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {23-27},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Christchurch},
	abstract = {<p>Subclinical endometritis (SCE) is a form of uterine pathology characterised by an increased proportion of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) in the uterus post-calving. Previous studies demonstrated a negative association between SCE and lower milk production, with indications that systemic inflammation underlies this link. Accordingly, the hypothesis tested was that treatment with a non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) would increase milk yield in cows with >= 14\% PMN at Day 14. In this study, >= 14\% PMN in the cytological sample collected at Day 14 postpartum was defined as SCE. To test this hypothesis, 213 dairy cows were paired by calving date and Day 14 PMN\%, then randomly assigned to three doses of a NSAID (Carprofen 1.4 mg/kg, n = 103) between 21 and 31 days postpartum or left as untreated controls (n = 108). The effect of the NSAID treatment on milk production was analysed using mixed models. While the results supported previous evidence of a negative association between SCE and milk production, NSAID had no effect on either PMN \% at Day 42 or milk production (P \&gt; 0.1) in this study. The lack of a NSAID effect was possibly because SCE spontaneously resolved in more than 90\% of the cases</p>
},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Priest NV and McLeod KLM and McDougall S and Burke CR and Roche JR and Mitchell M and Greenwood SL}
}
@conference {60932,
	title = {Strategically reducing time on pasture: Dairy cow intake, production, welfare, and excretory behaviour},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {69},
	year = {2009},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {15-19},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Christchurch},
	abstract = {In wet spring conditions, cows are often stood off pasture reducing their pasture intake. However, studies indicate that despite reduced grazing access, pasture intake and milk production can be maintained. This study restricted daily grazing access to eight hours in early lactation to determine the effect on pasture intake, milk production, and urination distribution. Forty-eight Holstein-Friesian cows were allocated to three duplicated treatments. Cows had access to pasture for either four hours after each milking (2x4), eight hours between milkings (1x8), or for 24 hours, excluding milking times (Control). When not grazing, the 2x4 and 1x8 treatments were stood off on a bark pad. The 1x8 cows ate less pasture (10.9 kgDM/cow/d; P <0.05) than the Control (13.6 kgDM/cow/d), but the 2x4 intake (13.0 kgDM/cow/d; P = 0.46) was not different to the Control. The 1x8 and 2x4 cows produced less milk (20.2 and 21.5 kg milk/cow/d respectively; P <0.05), relative to the Control (23.3 kg milk/cow/d). Urinations on pasture and races were reduced (P <0.05) from 90\% (Control) to 62\% (1x8) and 65\% (2x4) of total urinations. Eight-hours grazing per day should be offered as two four-hour periods to maintain cow pasture intakes, although milk yields are reduced. Corresponding changes in urination distribution may have environmental benefits. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {McLeod KLM and Clark CEF and Glassey CB and Gregorini P and Costall DA and Betteridge K and Jago JG}
}
@conference {41774,
	title = {Comparison of mastitis prevalence between an organic and conventional dairy herd from 2004 to 2006},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {68},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {8-11},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Brisbane, Australia},
	abstract = {This study compared mastitis bacteriology and somatic cell counts (SCC) between an organic and a conventional dairy herd, each managed as a pastoral-based system, in the 2004/05 and 2005/06 seasons. Single quarter foremilk samples taken from both herds at calving, 14 days post-calving, mid-lactation and dry-off were cultured for bacteriological analysis. Individualcow SCC were obtained from monthly herd tests. The percentage of cows infected with Staphylococcus aureusand Streptococcus uberiswas generally higher in the organic herd than the conventional herd. However, these differences were only significant for S. aureusat midlactation 2005/06, when 56\% of the organic herd was infected compared to 23\% of the conventional herd (P <0.05), and for Str. uberisat dry-off 2005/06, when 7\% of the organic herd was infected but none of the conventional herd (P <0.001). The organic herd had a significantly higher mean lactation back transformed SCC than the conventional herd, in 2004/05 (96,921 vs. 75,608 cells/mL, P <0.05) and 2005/06 (103,968 vs. 63,096 cells/mL, P <0.0001). The 2004/05 season was the first time that a significant difference in mean SCC between the organic and conventional herds had been measured, since the organic and conventional dairy systems comparison trial was established in 2001.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {McLeod KLM and Holmes CW and Morel PCH and Dowson KR and Thatcher A and Shadbolt NM and Kelly TC}
}
