@conference {40600,
	title = {Prediction of beef carcass yield from selected commercial cuts expressed as a percentage of side weight},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {54},
	year = {1994},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {205-208},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Given that almost all beef carcasses intended for export from New  
Zealand are boned out into cuts in the boning room of export plants, the  
feasibility was investigated of carrying the identification of individual animals  
from the point of slaughter through to sides in the boning room and using the  
weights (percentages) of selected cuts to predict the yield of saleable meat.  A  
Ruakura beef cuts database with information from sides of 1461 bulls, 1097  
steers, 320 heifers and 329 cows, all of known breeding, was used to test the  
accuracy of beef saleable meat yield prediction from the weights of three  
hindquarter cuts removed at the same time and site in the boning room.  The  
inside round (topside), outside round (silverside) and thick flank expressed as a  
percentage of side weight were chosen for use alone and in multiple regression  
to predict the percentage of the carcass available as saleable meat.  A model  
incorporating \% inside and \% outside and their interactions with sex (bull,  
steer, heifer and cow) provided useful prediction of \% meat yield (R2 0.77,  
RSD 2.11\%) and if hot carcass weight was added to the equation the R2  
improved to 0.78 and the RSD was reduced to 2.06\%.  The sum of the inside  
and outside expressed as a percentage of side weight gave the same accuracy of  
prediction of percentage saleable meat yield as when they were treated as  
separate independent variables.  The use of thick flank gave no improvement in  
prediction.  These results should be compared with the present system where  
sex class, fat class (grade) and hot carcass weight predicted yield with an R2  
of 0.60 and an RSD of 2.80\% for the same set of data. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Kirton AH and Bass JJ and Hogg BW and Mercer GJK and Duganzich DM and Woods EG}
}
@conference {40230,
	title = {Carcass and meat quality in possums (Trichosurus vulpecula)},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {50},
	year = {1990},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {293-296},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Production data were collected over 4 years from a flock of 600   mixed-age Romney, Coopworth and Perendale ewes. There were   approximately equal numbers of each breed. Ewes within breeds and age   groups were randomly allocated to be shorn either once-yearly in   January, once-yearly in July or twice-yearly in January and July. All   ewes were grazed as a single mob throughout the year, except over mating   when they were divided into breed groups and joined with rams of their   own breed.     The twice-yearly shorn ewes gave birth to, and weaned, heavier lambs and   grew more total clean wool than the 2-once-yearly shorn groups which   were similar. Shearing treatment did not affect ewe live weight,   aspects of lamb production other than birth weight and weaning weight or   total greasy wool production. Incidence of casting was less than 1\%.     Net wool returns from the ewes shorn once-yearly in July exceeded that   of the ewes shorn twice-yearly which exceeded that of the ewes shorn   once-yearly in January.    },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Hogg BW and Catcheside LM and Mercer GJK and Pearson AJ and Ashby MG}
}
@conference {40158,
	title = {Meat yields and chemical composition of muscle in New Zealand goats},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {49},
	year = {1989},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {153-156},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Three data sets comprising 2329, 2102, and 720 Angora goats sired by 30, 29 and 17 bucks used in the Land Corporation{\textquoteright}s Waitangi Angora flock, were used to obtain estimates of the effects of age, of dam, sex, rearing rank and birth day (age). Characters studied (and years of birth) in the three data sets were: Set 1: weaning weight and 12-month fleece weight (1978-1986); Set 2: 6-month fleece weight and yearling fleece weight (the sum of both 6- and 12-month fleece weights; 1978-1985); Set 3: 12-month live weight and 12-month fibre measurements of fibre diameter, standard deviation of fibre diameter, percent medullation and percent kemp (1984-1986). The weaning weights of kids out of dams aged 3, 4, 5 and 6 + years were heavier than those out of 2-year old dams by 0.7, 1.0, 1.5 and 1.8 kg respectively (P<0.001). Corresponding differences in 6-month fleece weight were 0.01, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.03 kg (P<0.05). Age-of-dam effects were variable for 12-month live weight and arcsine-transformed percent kemp, and nonsignificant for the remaining traits studied. Males had heavier live weights and fleece weights than females (P<0.001), but differences between the sexes were generally small for the fibre measurement traits. Multiple-reared kids (and later-born kids) had significantly lighter live weights and fleece weights than single-reared kids (and earlier-born kids). Both rearing rank and birth day effects were generally small and not significant for the fibre measurement traits. Heritability estimates for weaning weight, 6-, 12-month and yearling fleece weights, 12-month live weight, fibre diameter and standard deviation of fibre diameter were respectively 0.10, 0.24, 0.25, 0.36, 0.24, 0.51 and 0.21. Arcsine transformation of percent medullation and percent kemp data yielded heritabilities of 0.16 and 0.02 respectively. Subject to the limited number of sires represented in the data sets studied, genetic correlations between 12-month fleece weight and the two live weight traits were negative and of medium magnitude. There were also strong positive genetic correlations between 12-month fleece weight and both fibre diameter and arcsine- transformed percent kemp. Phenotypic correlations among live weight, fleece weight, and fibre diameter traits were all positive and of medium to high magnitude. Corresponding correlations with arcsine-transformed percents medullation and kemp were generally small and positive. It was concluded that direct incorporation of the genetic and phenotypic parameter estimates obtained in this study into selection index calculations, could not be advocated without due attention to the limited sample sizes and associated errors of estimation.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Hogg BW and Catcheside LM and Mercer GJK and Duganzich DM}
}
@conference {40154,
	title = {Variation in composition and eating quality of New Zealand export beef},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {49},
	year = {1989},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {133-136},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {An experiment ran from mid-October to mid-January to develop pasture height/quality guidelines for optimum doe and kid growth in spring and to test the advantages of integrating goats with other stock classes at this time. Three goat-only farmlets comprised two paddocks with does and kids alternating, 7 days in each. Pre-grazing pasture mass was maintained at 1.6, 2.0 and 2.5 t DM/ha respectively. In three integrated-species farmlets, does with kids grazed from a pre-graze pasture mass of 2.5 t DM/ha for 7 days, followed by the sheep/cattle mob for 7 day. Paddocks were spelled for three weeks before goats were reintroduced. Sheep/cattle mobs comprised, hoggets, yearling steer, or 60\%/40\% combination of the two (respectively). In goat-only farmlets, does lost live weight and kid liveweight gain was reduced when pre-graze pasture mass was below 2.5 t DM/ha. Doe liveweight gain was maximised in the goat/sheep/cattle farmlet. Kid liveweight gain was compromised only on the lowest pasture mass, gain on other farmlets being similar. Sheep and cattle liveweight gains appeared to be unaffected by grazing behind goats when grazing down to 1.5 - 1.6 t DM/ha. Parasite faecal egg concentration (FEC) of does was increased by grazing at low pasture masses with 80\% and 63\% of does being drenched at 1.6 and 2.0 t DM/ha respectively compared to 53\% at 2.5 t DM/ha. Integration with cattle and sheep/cattle reduced FEC (27\% and 17\% does drenched respectively) compared with goats only or goats followed by sheep (53\% and 43\% respectively). In all farmlets without sheep grazing, weed occurrence on transect analysis was over 35\%. The presence of sheep reduced this to approx. 23\% and in the goat/sheep/cattle system weed occurrence was approx. 10\%. Clover occurrence was similar in all farmlets (approx. 50\%) except for the goat/sheep farmlet (approx. 30\%).},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Hogg BW and Catcheside LM and Mercer GJK and Duganzich DM and Keiler AH and Ireland TL and Hagyard CJ}
}
