@conference {40571,
	title = {The effect of block and paddock grazing in winter on cow behaviour, cow performance and herbage accumulation},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {54},
	year = {1994},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {91-94},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Two management methods for wintering dry cows on pasture (block and  
paddock) were compared at the Taranaki Agricultural Research Station over a  
45 day period.  Treatment effects on aggressive behaviour, grazing behaviour  
and liveweight gain were measured in addition to effects on pasture treading  
damage and subsequent herbage accumulation. 
 
The block grazed group had an area of 25 m2/cow/day, and were confined to a  
new area (0.1 ha) of pasture each day.  The paddock grazed group had an area  
of 125 m2/cow/day, grazing the total paddock area (0.5 ha) over five days.   
There were 32 cows and 8 heifers in each treatment group. 
 
Agonistic activity in the paddock group was 50\% lower in week one and 28\%  
lower in week six, than the block group.  Paddock cows and heifers gained  
more liveweight (p<0.01) than block cows and heifers; 0.22  and 0.24  
kg/animal/day more respectively.  Herbage accumulation over the subsequent  
three months (July - September) was 290 kg DM/ha lower (p<0.05) on the  
paddock grazed areas compared to block grazed areas. 
 
Paddock grazing reduced agonistic activity among heifers and cows and gave  
higher liveweight gains.  Some of this advantage could possibly be negated by  
lower herbage accumulation in the subsequent three months. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Judd TG and Thomson NA and Barnes ML}
}
@conference {40458,
	title = {Effect of distance walked on dairy production and milk quality},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {53},
	year = {1993},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {69-72},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {A universal goal of extension agents is the attainment of voluntary behavioural changes in clients. Behaviour change occurs through the process of learning new skills. There are two distinct components to learning; grasping information through conceptualisation or experience, and: transformation of information into knowledge, through reflection or experimentation. Individual clients can be grouped into one of four distinct learning styles depending on the way they grasp information and transform it into knowledge. This paper draws upon findings from a pilot study to estimate cognitive changes occurring in a group farm monitoring programme.  The results indentified learning preference and belief differences between expert and farmer roles within the group. It is suggested extension agents can target specific behaviour changes in client{\textquoteright}s by implementing strategies that use learning preference and belief data. Furthermore, it is proposed researchers can enhance levels of technology adoption by presenting research outputs using communication methods compatible with target clients{\textquoteright} preferred learning styles.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Thomson NA and Barnes ML}
}
@conference {40324,
	title = {The effect of cow age and management of winter liveweight gain, liveweight at calving and subsequent effects on dairy production in a seasonal supply herd},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {51},
	year = {1991},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {277-282},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {A trial was undertaken in which 11 meat company lamb drafters  estimated the GR carcass fatness, hot carcass weight and carcass class  on 26 live lambs. In addition the Phillips Fat Displacement Meter (PFDM)  was used to estimate GR fatness these live animals. The average hot  carcass weight of the lambs was 21.9kg and mean GR on the left and right  sides were 14.2mm and 14.5mm respectively. The best two drafter  estimates correlated more highly (0.89 and 0.83) than the PFDM (0.81)  with lamb carcass GR (mm) on the left sides of these carcasses. On the  right sides these two drafters correlations were respectively 0.91 and  0.84 while the PFDM correlation was 0.85. The correlations of the  poorest drafter were 0.62 and 0.57 for the left and right sides,  respectively. While the best drafters were accurate in ranking live  lambs for fatness, in absolute terms all drafters underestimated GR on  average by 2.2mm whereas the PFDM underestimated by 1.1mm on the left  side and 0.8mm on the right. So for actually drafting lambs for  slaughter, the PFDM is less likely to select lambs in the penalty  payment ranges, or is more likely to select lambs before they reach  these penalty fatness levels than the company drafters. These results  highlight the need for drafter training courses with feedback on their  results. On average the drafters underestimated carcass weight by  4.0kg.  },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Thomson NA and Barnes ML and Prestidge R}
}
