@conference {40836,
	title = {A whole farm approach to feed planning and ration balancing using UDDER and CAMDAIRY},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {56},
	year = {1996},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {285-288},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The potential of New Zealand cows for milk production remains  substantially under-utilised as a consequence of pasture-based feeding  systems. One means to increase per cow production is to balance pasture  diets to provide the correct quantities and ratios of nutrients to meet target  levels of milksolids production, but this needs to be done in a manner which  is profitable and consistent with good pasture management. The dairy farm  simulation model, UDDER, was used to evaluate supplementation strategies  for early and late lactation in order to increase milk yields per cow and the  farm gross margin. A sample of diets from UDDER were then tested with a  ration balancing model (CAMDAIRY) to identify nutrient limitations to  milk production. Undegraded protein (UDP) was limiting in all diets. It was  concluded that, ration balancing would be useful aid to feed management on  New Zealand dairy farms, but in practice could only be sensibly used if feed  and animal monitoring systems are in place to determine the type(s) and  period(s) of supple},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Uribe JV and Parker WJ and Dake CKG and McDonald A}
}
@conference {40643,
	title = {Variable animal performance and farm diversification},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {54},
	year = {1994},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {399-402},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Distributions of gross margins of breeding ewe, breeding cattle and  
plantation forestry enterprises were used in a linear programming model of a  
651 ha Taranaki hill country pastoral farm to determine the mix of enterprises  
that maximised expected net farm revenue for given levels of downside risk.   
Risk was specified as the mean negative deviation of farm revenue from an  
assumed target income of $180,000. 
 
Animal performance variables used in estimating gross margins included  
(mean, minimum, maximum) (a) lambing percentage (92, 87, 99), (b) wool  
weight-kg per stock unit (5.4, 5.1, 5.8), (c) calving percentage (85, 83, 88)  
and (d) bull beef carcass weight-kg (229, 208, 247). 
 
The enterprise mix of 250 ha forestry and 3,791 stock units of bull beef yielded  
an optimum expected net farm revenue of $497,591 with little or no downside  
risk.  Breeding ewe and breeding cow enterprises did not contribute to the  
optimum enterprise mix. 
 
Using a sheep/cattle ratio of 70/30 stock units, the expected net farm revenue  
reduced to $348,884.  The optimum enterprise mix, with this ratio, was 310 ha  
forestry and 3,310 stock units of bull beef and sheep.  The model predicted that  
it would be possible to increase the expected net farm revenue to a maximum  
of $362,923 by increasing the acceptable downside risk and the area allocated  
to forestry. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Dake CKG}
}
