@conference {69460,
	title = {Automatic reading of Kamars for heat detection in dairy herds},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {70},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {8-12},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Palmerston North},
	abstract = {Most existing heat detection systems for dairy cattle are labour-intensive requiring manual inspection of 
every animal to maximise submission rates. Our solution is to automate heat detection using Kamar HeatMount 
Detectors and a camera-based recognition system. The goal of our system is to obtain 99\% sensitivity and 
specificity, ensuring that cows that are on heat are rarely missed and over-drafts are kept to a minimum. Trials 
of various camera prototypes have been undertaken over the past three years, most recently during the artificial 
breeding period in the Spring of 2009. Over 70,000 images from four farms were taken during the latest trials; 
these photographs were used to assess the system. When considering photo observations, the fully automated 
system had an error rate less than 1\% across all sites in the latest trial, and reaches our goal of 99\% sensitivity 
and specificity. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Hempstalk K and Harris BL and Lopdell TJ}
}
