@conference {3672,
	title = {BRIEF COMMUNICATION: An investigation of automated measures for assessing pain-induced distress in dairy calves},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {76},
	year = {2016},
	month = {07/2016},
	pages = {103-105},
	address = {Adelaide},
	abstract = {Dairy calves are routinely disbudded using hot-iron
cautery without pain relief in New Zealand, and studies have
shown this procedure causes physiological and behavioural
changes indicative of pain (Stafford \& Mellor, 2011). To
evaluate the effectiveness of different pain mitigation
strategies during routine husbandry procedures (e.g.,
disbudding), intensive physiological and/or behavioural
studies are needed. The limitations of these measures are
that the methods (e.g., blood sampling) can cause animal
stress and analysis of behaviour video recordings is labour
intensive. Automated, non-invasive measures of behaviour
are now available, such as feeding behaviour provided
by automatic calf feeding systems (ACF) and activity,
recorded using accelerometers (e.g., Hobo data loggers).
Feeding and lying behaviours are altered in calves in
response to stress and/or pain during procedures such as
hot-iron cautery disbudding (Graf \& Senn, 1999; Bates et
al. 2015). It is well documented that this procedure causes
significant pain. Therefore, the aim of this study was to
determine if behavioural data collected from ACF and
Hobo data loggers could be used as an indicator of paininduced
distress in dairy calves.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Sutherland MA and Lowe GL and Huddart FJ and Stewart M}
}
