@conference {40338,
	title = {Bulk and its structural basis: A review},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {51},
	year = {1991},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {339-346},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {A case farm study of a once-bred heifer system on hill country  using a spreadsheet simulation model was undertaken. Results of the  feed budge and financial data of the once-bred system were compared with  bull beef, 18 month heifer finishing and traditional breeding cow  policies.   The once-bred heifer system generated a gross margin of $48.26/s.u.  compared with $42.50/s.u. for a traditional breeding cow breeding  system, $31.70/s.u. for the 20 month heifer finishing and $52.80/s.u.  for a bull beef system. The once-bred heifer system produced 314 kg  carcass/ha, the breeding system cow 197 kg carcass/ha, the 20 month  heifer system 354 kg carcass/ha and the bull beef system 433 kg  carcass/ha. The major factor affecting the profitability of the once-  bred heifer system was schedule price. The best match of animal  requirements and pasture growth for the once-bred heifer system was  shown to occur for an October calving. This study suggests that sheep  and beef farmers with traditional beef cattle policies could increase  productivity by adopting a once-bred heifer beef production system.  },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Stobart RH and Sumner RMW}
}
